When the AED is attached properly, it will prompt you to analyze the rhythm. If the heart rhythm requires defibrillation, you will be prompted to do so. Be certain nobody is in contact with the victim while administering the shock.
If the victim is hypothermic, it may take longer to assess for a pulse up to 45 seconds. If patients have pacemakers or implantable devices, do not place the AED pads over the device. Some patients use nitroglycerin patches and these should be removed prior to applying the AED pads. SAFI R. HESS, D. SAM B. KOO, M. IAN S. There are some indications the new papers actually understate the overall benefit of CCR.
Last November, at an American Heart Association meeting, a group from Arizona reported significantly better outcomes for people who received CCR from a bystander, than for those getting CPR with mouth-to-mouth. Chest compressions work by circulating oxygen that is already present in the blood. The bloodstream of a person breathing normally -- up until a cardiac arrest -- contains enough oxygen to sustain life for several minutes.
However, oxygen can't nourish cells -- most importantly, brain cells -- unless it is circulated, either by a beating heart or by chest compressions.
It's unclear whether CCR is effective simply because it minimizes interruption to chest compressions, maintaining a steady flow of blood, or if the explanation is more complex. Oxygen starvation triggers a cascade of damaging chemical reactions inside cells.
Some studies suggest that returning oxygen to the mix too soon could make the damage even worse, and that it's better to keep oxygen levels relatively low in the first minutes after the heart stops. Whatever the mechanism, the new papers are likely to give momentum to an overhaul of the way CPR is done around the country.
In Phoenix and Seattle, dispatchers already teach callers to use chest compressions only, in cases of apparent cardiac arrest.
Officials in Dallas and New York say their dispatchers "stress" or "push" chest compressions. Ben Bobrow, director of Arizona's emergency services, thinks other cities will follow the same path.
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